Journal of Clinical Densitometry
Volume 13, Issue 2 , Pages 197-203 , April 2010

Fat Mass Ratio: An Objective Tool to Define Lipodystrophy in HIV-Infected Patients Under Antiretroviral Therapy

  • Paula Freitas

      Affiliations

    • Endocrinology Department, Hospital de São João and University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Paula Freitas, MD, Endocrinology Department, Hospital de São João, University of Porto Medical School, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200 PORTO, Porto, Portugal.
    • ,
  • Ana Cristina Santos

      Affiliations

    • Hygiene and Epidemiology Department, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal
    • ,
  • Davide Carvalho

      Affiliations

    • Endocrinology Department, Hospital de São João, University of Porto Medical School, Portugal
    • ,
  • Jorge Pereira

      Affiliations

    • Medicine Nuclear Department, Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal
    • ,
  • Rui Marques

      Affiliations

    • Infectious Disease Department, Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal
    • ,
  • Esteban Martinez

      Affiliations

    • Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
    • ,
  • António Sarmento

      Affiliations

    • Infectious Disease Department, Hospital de São João and University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal
    • ,
  • José Luís Medina

      Affiliations

    • Endocrinology Department, Hospital de São João and University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal

Received 13 October 2009 ,Revised 2 December 2009 ,Accepted 9 January 2010.

References 

  1. From the Study of Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection (FRAM). Fat distribution in men with HIV Infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005;40:121–131
  2. From the Study of Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection (FRAM). Fat distribution in women with HIV Infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;42:562–571
  3. Dong KL, Bausserman LL, Flynn MM, et al. Changes in body habitus and serum lipid abnormalities in HIV-positive women on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999;2:107–113
  4. Gervasoni C, Ridolfo AL, Trifirò G, et al. Redistribution of body fat in HIV-infected women undergoing combined antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 1999;13:465–471
  5. Khara M, Conway B. Morphologic changes in HIV-infected men. Sorting fact from fiction. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005;2:119–120
  6. Carr A, Emery S, Law M, et al. An objective case definition of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study. HIV Lipodystrophy Case Definition Study Group. Lancet. 2003;361:726–735
  7. Martinez E, Milinkovic A, Bianchi L, Gatell JM. Considerations about the value of sonography for the measurement of regional body fat. AIDS. 2006;20:465
  8. Cavalcanti RB, Cheung AM, Raboud J, Walmsley S. Reproducibility of DXA estimations of body fat in HIV Lipodystrophy: implications for clinical research. J Clin Densitom. 2005;8:293–297
  9. Milinkovic A, Martinez E. Current perspectives on HIV-associated Lipodystrophy syndrome. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005;56:6–9
  10. Bonnet E, Delpierre C, Sommet A, et al. Total body composition by DXA of 241 HIV-negative men and 162 HIV-infected men. J Clin Densitom. 2005;8:287–292
  11. Alberti KGMM, Zimmet P, Shaw J. The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. Lancet. 2005;366:1059–1062
  12. Tershakovec AM, Frank I, Rader D. HIV-related Lipodystrophy and related factors. Atherosclerosis. 2004;174:1–10
  13. Carr A, Samaras K, Thorisdottir A, et al. Diagnosis, prediction, and natural course of HIV-1 protease-inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes mellitus: a cohort study. Lancet. 1999;353:2093–2099
  14. Lichtenstein KA. Redefining lipodystrophy syndrome. Risks and impact on clinical decision making. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005;39:395–400
  15. Palella FJ, Delaney KM, Moorman AC, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:853–860
  16. Carr A, Samaras K, Burton S, et al. A syndrome of peripheral lipodystrophy, hiperlipidemia and insulin resistance in patients receiving HIV protease inhibitors. AIDS. 1998;12:F51–F58
  17. Carmo I, Santos O, Camolas J, et al. Overweight and obesity in Portugal: national prevalence in 2003-2005. Obesity Rev. 2008;9:11–19
  18. Snead DB, Birge SJ, Kohrt WM. Age-related differences in body composition by hydrodensitometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. J Appl Physiol. 1993;74:770–775
  19. Valério CM, Godoy-Matos A, Moreira RO, et al. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry study of body composition in patients with lipodystrophy. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:1857–1859

PII: S1094-6950(10)00006-5

doi: 10.1016/j.jocd.2010.01.005

Journal of Clinical Densitometry
Volume 13, Issue 2 , Pages 197-203 , April 2010

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