Journal of Clinical Densitometry
Volume 12, Issue 2 , Pages 229-237 , April 2009

Gender Differences in Total and Regional Body Composition Changes as Measured by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Korean Children and Adolescents

  • Jung Sub Lim

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Jung Sub Lim, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Gongneung-dong 215, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea.
    • ,
  • Jin Soon Hwang

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
    • ,
  • Gi Jeong Cheon

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
    • ,
  • Jun Ah Lee

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
    • ,
  • Dong Ho Kim

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
    • ,
  • Kyung Duk Park

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
    • ,
  • Kyung Hee Yi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University Sanbon Medical center, Sanbon, Republic of Korea

Received 18 July 2008 ,Revised 18 December 2008 ,Accepted 22 December 2008.

References 

  1. Ebbeling CB, Pawlak DB, Ludwig DS. Childhood obesity: public-health crisis, common sense cure. Lancet. 2002;360:473–482
  2. Freedman DS, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. The relation of overweight to cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics. 1999;103:1175–1182
  3. Must A, Strauss RS. Risks and consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999;23(Suppl 2):S2–11
  4. Young-Hyman D, Schlundt DG, Herman L, et al. Evaluation of the insulin resistance syndrome in 5- to 10-year-old overweight/obese African-American children. Diabetes Care. 2001;24:1359–1364
  5. Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children: primary care and public health considerations. JAMA. 2001;26(286):1427–1430
  6. Srinivasan SR, Myers L, Berenson GS. Predictability of childhood adiposity and insulin for developing insulin resistance syndrome (syndrome X) in young adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes. 2002;51:204–209
  7. Sweeting HN. Measurement and definitions of obesity in childhood and adolescence: a field guide for the uninitiated. Nutr J. 2007;26(6):32
  8. Brodie D, Moscrip V, Hutcheon R. Body composition measurement: a review of hydrodensitometry, anthropometry, and impedance methods. Nutrition. 1998;14:296–310
  9. Ellis KJ, Shypailo RJ, Pratt JA, Pond WG. Accuracy of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for body-composition measurements in children. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;60:660–665
  10. Njeh CF, Fuerst T, Hans D, et al. Radiation exposure in bone mineral density assessment. Appl Radiat Isot. 1999;50:215–236
  11. Gutin B, Litaker M, Islam S, et al. Body-composition measurement in 9-11-y-old children by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, skinfold-thickness measurements, and bioimpedance analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;63:287–292
  12. Fuller NJ, Wells JC, Elia M. Evaluation of a model for total body protein mass based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: comparison with a reference four-component model. Br J Nutr. 2001;86:45–52
  13. Sopher AB, Thornton JC, Wang J, et al. Measurement of percentage of body fat in 411 children and adolescents: a comparison of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with a fourcompartment model. Pediatrics. 2004;113:1285–1290
  14. Ogle GD, Allen JR, Humphries IR, et al. Body-composition assessment by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in subjects aged 4–26 y. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;61:746–753
  15. Boot AM, Bouquet J, de Ridder MA, et al. Determinants of body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Dutch children and adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;66:232–238
  16. Ellis KJ. Body composition of a young, multiethnic, male population. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;66:1323–1331
  17. Ellis KJ, Abrams SA, Wong WW. Body composition of a young, multiethnic female population. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;65:724–731
  18. Sala A, Webber CE, Morrison J, et al. Whole-body bone mineral content, lean body mass, and fat mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a population of normal Canadian children and adolescents. Can Assoc Radiol J. 2007;58:46–52
  19. He Q, Horlick M, Thornton J, et al. Sex and race differences in fat distribution among Asian, African-American, and Caucasian prepubertal children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:2164–2170
  20. He Q, Horlick M, Thornton J, et al. Sex-specific fat distribution is not linear across pubertal groups in a multiethnic study. Obes Res. 2004;12:725–733
  21. Novotny R, Going S, Teegarden D, et al. ACT Research Team. Hispanic and Asian pubertal girls have higher android/gynoid fat ratio than whites. Obesity. 2007;15:1565–1570
  22. Gallagher D, Heymsfield SB, Heo M, et al. Healthy percentage body fat ranges: an approach for developing guidelines based on body mass index. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72:694–701
  23. Kagawa M, Kerr D, Uchida H, Binns CW. Differences in the relationship between BMI and percentage body fat between Japanese and Australian-Caucasian young men. Br J Nutr. 2006;95:1002–1007
  24. Shaw NJ, Crabtree NJ, Kibirige MS, Fordham JN. Ethnic and gender differences in body fat in British schoolchildren as measured by DXA. Arch Dis Child. 2007;92:872–875
  25. Ehtisham S, Crabtree N, Clark P, Shaw N, Barrett T. Ethnic differences in insulin resistance and body composition in United Kingdom adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:3963–3969
  26. Greulich WW, Pyle SI. Radiographic atlas of skeletal development of the hand and wrist. Palo. Califronia: Stanford University Press; 1950;
  27. Moon JS, Lee SY, Nam CM, et al. 2007 Korean National Growth Charts: reveiw of developmental process and an outlook. Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51:1–25
  28. Cui LH, Shin MH, Kweon SS, et al. Relative contribution of body composition to bone mineral density at different sites in men and women of South Korea. J Bone Miner Metab. 2007;25:165–171
  29. Arfai K, Pitukcheewanont PD, Goran MI, et al. Bone, muscle, and fat: sex-related differences in prepubertal children. Radiology. 2002;224:338–344
  30. Albertsson-Wikland K, Rosberg S, Karlberg J, Groth T. Analysis of 24-hour growth hormone profiles in healthy boys and girls of normal stature: relation to puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994;78:1195–1201
  31. Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL. Clinical review 107: role of gonadal steroids in the sexual dimorphisms in body composition and circulating concentrations of leptin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84:1784–1789
  32. Chung S, Song MY, Shin HD, et al. Korean and Caucasian overweight premenopausal women have different relationship of body mass index to percent body fat with age. J Appl Physiol. 2005;99:103–107

PII: S1094-6950(08)00528-3

doi: 10.1016/j.jocd.2008.12.008

Journal of Clinical Densitometry
Volume 12, Issue 2 , Pages 229-237 , April 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution