Journal of Clinical Densitometry
Volume 10, Issue 1 , Pages 46-54 , January 2007

The Relationship Between Regional Bone Turnover Measured Using 18F-fluoride Positron Emission Tomography and Changes in BMD Is Equivalent to That Seen for Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover

  • Michelle L. Frost

      Affiliations

    • Osteoporosis Screening & Research Unit, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Michelle L. Frost, PhD, Osteoporosis Screening & Research Unit, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas Street, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
    • ,
  • Gary J.R. Cook

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey
    • ,
  • Glen M. Blake

      Affiliations

    • Osteoporosis Screening & Research Unit, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London
    • ,
  • Paul K. Marsden

      Affiliations

    • Clinical PET Centre, King's College London School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
    • ,
  • Ignac Fogelman

      Affiliations

    • Osteoporosis Screening & Research Unit, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London

Received 4 August 2006 ,Revised 26 October 2006 ,Accepted 26 October 2006.

References 

  1. Heaney RP. Is the paradigm shifting?. Bone. 2003;33:457–465
  2. Garnero P, Hausherr E, Chapuy MC, et al. Markers of bone resorption predict hip fracture in elderly women: the EPIDOS prospective study. J Bone Miner Res. 1996;11:1531–1538
  3. Johnell O, Oden A, De Laet C, Garnero P, Delmas PD, Kanis JA. Biochemical indices of bone turnover and the assessment of fracture probability. Osteoporos Int. 2002;13:523–526
  4. Melton LJ, Khosla S, Atkinson EJ, O'Fallon WM, Riggs BL. Relationship of bone turnover to bone density and fractures. J Bone Miner Res. 1997;12:1083–1091
  5. Cummings SR, Karpf DB, Harris F, et al. Improvement in spine bone density and reduction in risk of vertebral fractures during treatment with antiresorptive drugs. Am J Med. 2002;112:281–289
  6. Eastell R, Barton I, Hannon RA. Relationship of early changes in bone resorption to the reduction in fracture risk with risedronate. J Bone Miner Res. 2003;18:1051–1056
  7. Hochberg MC, Greenspan S, Wasnich RD, Miller P, Thompson DE, Ross PD. Changes in bone density and turnover explain the reduction in incidence of nonvertebral fractures that occur during treatment with antiresorptive agents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:1586–1592
  8. Riggs BL, Melton LJ, O'Fallon WM. Drug therapy for vertebral fractures in osteoporosis: evidence that decreases in bone turnover and increases in bone mass both determine antifracture efficacy. Bone. 1996;18:197S–210S
  9. Chesnut CH, Bell NH, Clark GS, et al. Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women: urinary N-telopeptide of type I collagen monitors therapeutic effect and predicts response of bone mineral density. Am J Med. 1997;102:29–37
  10. Garnero P, Darte C, Delmas PD. A model to monitor the efficacy of alendronate treatment in women with osteoporosis using a biochemical marker of bone turnover. Bone. 1999;24:603–609
  11. Greenspan SL, Parker RA, Ferguson L, Rosen HN, Maitland-Ramsey L, Karpf DB. Early changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover predict the long-term response to alendronate therapy in representative elderly women: a randomised clinical trial. J Bone Miner Res. 1998;13:1431–1438
  12. Ravn P, Hosking D, Thompson D, et al. Monitoring of alendronate treatment and prediction of effect on bone mass by biochemical markers in the Early Postmenopausal Intervention Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84:2363–2368
  13. Buaer DC, Black DM, Garnero P, et al. Changes in bone turnover and hip, non-spine and vertebral fracture in alendronate-treated women: the fracture intervention trial. J Bone Miner Res. 2004;19:1250–1258
  14. Bauer DC, Garnero P, Hochberg MC, et al. Pretreatment levels of bone turnover and the antifracture efficacy of alendronate: the fracture intervention trial. J Bone Miner Res. 2006;21:292–299
  15. Bjarnason NH, Sarkar S, Duong T. Six and twelve month changes in bone turnover are related to reduction in vertebral fracture risk during 3 years of raloxifene treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2001;12:922–930
  16. Delmas PD, Eastell R, Garnero P, et al. for the Committee of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation The use of biochemical markers of bone turnover in osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2000;11(Suppl 6):2–17
  17. Seibel MJ. Molecular markers of bone turnover: biochemical, technical and analytical aspects. Osteoporos Int. 2000;11(Suppl 6):18–29
  18. Compston JE, Croucher PI. Histomorphometric assessment of trabecular bone remodelling in osteoporosis. Bone Miner. 1991;14:91–102
  19. Cook GJR, Lodge MA, Blake GM, Marsden PK, Fogelman I. Differences in skeletal kinetics between vertebral and humeral bone measured by 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res. 2000;15:763–769
  20. Cook GJR, Blake GM, Marsden PK, Cronin B, Fogelman I. Quantification of skeletal kinetic indices in Paget's disease using dynamic 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography. J Bone Miner Res. 2002;17:854–859
  21. Frost ML, Cook GJ, Blake GM, Marsden PK, Benatar NA, Fogelman I. A prospective study of risedronate on regional bone metabolism and blood flow at the lumbar spine measured by 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography. J Bone Miner Res. 2003;18:2215–2222
  22. Frost ML, Fogelman I, Blake GM, Marsden PK, Fogelman I. Dissociation between global markers of bone formation and direct measurement of spinal bone formation in osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res. 2004;19:1797–1804
  23. Frost ML, Cook GJR, Blake GM, Marsden PK, Fogelman I. A comparison of regional bone turnover at the spine and hip in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2004;15(Suppl 2):40–41
  24. Hawkins RA, Choi Y, Huang S-C, et al. Evaluation of the skeletal kinetics of fluorine-18-fluoride ion with PET. J Nucl Med. 1992;33:633–642
  25. Messa C, Goodman WG, Hoh CK, et al. Bone metabolic activity measured with positron emission tomography and 18F-fluoride ion in renal osteodystophy: correlation with bone histomorphometry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993;77:949–955
  26. Piert M, Zittel TT, Becker GA, et al. Assessment of porcine bone metabolism by dynamic 18F-fluoride PET: correlation with bone histomorphometry. J Nucl Med. 2001;42:1091–1100
  27. Schiepers C, Nuyts J, Bormans G, et al. Fluoride kinetics of the axial skeleton measured in vivo with fluorine-18-fluoride PET. J Nucl Med. 1997;38:1970–1976
  28. Blau M, Nagler W, Bender MA. Fluorine-18: a new isotope for bone scanning. J Nucl Med. 1962;3:332–334
  29. Blau M, Ganatra R, Bender MA. 18F-fluoride for bone imaging. Semin Nucl Med. 1972;2:31–37
  30. Wootton R, Dore C. The single-passage extraction of 18F in rabbit bone. Clin Phys Physiol Meas. 1986;7:333–343
  31. Dresner-Pollak R, Parker RA, Poku M, Thompson J, Seibel MJ, Greenspan SL. Biochemical markers of bone turnover reflect femoral bone loss in elderly women. Calcif Tissue Int. 1996;59:328–333
  32. Dresner-Pollak R, Mayer M, Hochner-Celiniker D. The decrease in serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase predicts bone mineral density response to hormone replacement therapy in early postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Int. 2000;66:104–107
  33. Ross PD, Knowlton W. Rapid bone loss is associated with increased levels of biochemical markers. J Bone Miner Res. 1998;13:297–302
  34. Heaney RP, Yates AJ, Santora C. Bisphosphonate effects and the bone remodelling transient. J Bone Miner Res. 1997;12:1143–1151
  35. Cook GJR, Lodge MA, Marsden PK, Dynes A, Fogelman I. Non-invasive assessment of skeletal kinetics using fluorine-18-fluoride positron emission tomography: evaluation of image and population-derived arterial input functions. Eur J Nucl Med. 1999;26:1424–1429
  36. Frost ML, Cook GJR, Blake GM, Marsden PK, Fogelman I. The precision of 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography as used to measure regional bone turnover at the spine and hip. Osteoporos Int. 2006;17(Suppl 3):429–430
  37. Patel R, Blake GM, Rymer J, Fogelman I. Long-term precision of DXA scanning assessed over seven years in forty postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. 2000;11:68–75
  38. Hesley RP, Shepard KA, Jenkins DK, Riggs BL. Monitoring estrogen replacement therapy and identifying rapid bone losers with an immunoassay for deoxypyridinoline. Osteoporos Int. 1998;8:159–164
  39. Marcus R, Holloway L, Wells B , et al. The relationship of biochemical markers of bone turnover to bone density changes in postmenopausal women: results from the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial. J Bone Miner Res. 1999;14:1583–1595
  40. Rosen CJ, Chesnut CH, Mallinak NJS. The predictive value of biochemical markers of bone turnover for bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women treated with hormone replacement or calcium supplementation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:1904–1910
  41. Chen P, Satterwhite JH, Licata AA, et al. Early changes in biochemical markers of bone formation predict BMD response to teriparatide in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res. 2005;20:962–970
  42. Keen RW, Nguyen T, Sobnack R, Perry LA, Thompson PW, Spector TD. Can biochemical markers predict bone loss at the hip and spine?: a 4-year prospective study of 141 early postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. 1996;6:399–406
  43. Riis BJ, Overgaard K, Chrsitiansen C. Biochemical markers of bone turnover to monitor the bone response to postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Osteoporos Int. 1995;5:276–280
  44. Black DM, Cummings SR, Karpf DB, et al. Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Fracture Intervention Trial Research Group. Lancet. 1996;348:1535–1541

PII: S1094-6950(06)00303-9

doi: 10.1016/j.jocd.2006.10.006

Journal of Clinical Densitometry
Volume 10, Issue 1 , Pages 46-54 , January 2007

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution